Fungal Infections

Fungal Infections-

-Candidia-
-can be oral, genital, intertrigo, cutaneous , or balanoposthitis
-treatment dependent on site

-Oral Candidia-

-also called thrush
-get white creamy plaques on tongue or in mouth
-can be caused by dentures, oral inhaled steroids, diabetes, or immunosuppression
-common in infants
-treatment with nystatin swish and spit solution


-Vaginal Candidia-

-common in diabetics, recent antibiotic use
-diagnosed with KOH prep
-treatment with oral diflucan or anti fungal vaginal suppositories



-Balanoposthitis-

-transmitted in sexually active males by sexual contact
-causes burning itching and redness
-Azoles/imidazoles are more effective then nystatin
-can cause discrete pustules on the glans penis and the inner aspect of the foreskin
-can be mistaken for herpes


-Intertrigo Candidiasis-

-predisposing factors are obesity, diabetes, hyperhidrosis, heat
-initially pustules on erythematous base become eroded and confluent
-usually in the axillae, groin, perineal, inter-gluteal cleft
-treat by keeping area dry.  Topical treatment with topical anti fungal nystatin, and can use systemic oral anti fungal


-Cutaneous Candidia-

-vesicles, pustules, and papules become confluent in the folds
-can be treated with topical anti fungal or systemic for more severe cases



-Dermatophyte Infections-

-Tinea Pedis-

-dermatophyte infection of the feet
-causes redness, scaling, and maceration and or bullae formation
-often breaks up the integrity of the epidermis
-also known as athletes foot
-management use shoes while bathing.  Topical anti fungal for mild to moderate infections.  Oral anti fungal for more severe infection


-Tinea Manuum-

-dermatophyte infection of the hand.  Most commonly on the dominant hand
-Topical anti fungal for mild to moderate infections.  Oral anti fungal for more severe infection
-may see a raised well demarcated border


-Tinea Corporis-

-raised well demarcated border
-refers to a dermatophyte infection of the trunks, legs, arms, and neck
-Topical anti fungal for mild to moderate infections.  Oral anti fungal for more severe infection


-Tinea Capitis-

-Dermatophyte infection involving the hair follicles
-get a large circular area of missing patch of hair
-topical anti-fungals are ineffective
-oral anti-fungal necessary for several weeks.  Griseofulvin


-Tinea Barbae is a tinea infection of the beard